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Important Advisories and Information:
Sanctions advisories highlight the sanctions evasion tactics used by Syria. Parties subject to U.S. and/or United Nations sanctions should be aware of these practices in order to implement appropriate controls to ensure compliance with their legal requirements.
- Sanctions Risks Related to Petroleum Shipments involving Iran and Syria (September 11, 2024)
- Guidance for the Provision of Humanitarian Assistance to Syria (August 08, 2023)
- Guidance to Address Illicit Shipping and Sanctions Evasion Practices (May 14, 2020)
- Updated Guidance on Sanctions Risks Related to Shipping Petroleum to Syria (March 25, 2019)
- Sanctions Risks Related to Shipping Petroleum to Syria (November 20, 2018)
Sanctions Brochures
Sanctions Brochures are an overview of OFAC's regulations with regard to the Syria Sanctions. They are useful quick reference tools.
Frequently Asked Questions
OFAC has compiled hundreds of frequently asked questions (FAQs) about its sanctions programs and related policies. The links below send the user to OFAC's FAQ pages.
- Syria Sanctions FAQ Topic Page
- Questions Regarding Executive Order 13606 (Blocking the Property and Suspending Entry Into the United States of Certain Persons With Respect to Grave Human Rights Abuses by the Governments of Iran and Syria via Information Technology)
- Questions Regarding Executive Order 13608 (Prohibiting Certain Transactions with and Suspending Entry into the United States of Foreign Sanctions Evaders with Respect to Iran and Syria)
- OFAC Frequently Asked Questions
Interpretive Guidance
OFAC issues interpretive guidance on specific issues related to the sanctions programs it administers. These interpretations of OFAC policy are sometimes published in response to a public request for guidance or may be released proactively by OFAC in order to address a complex topic.
- Guidance on the Provision of Certain Services Relating to the Requirements of U.S. Sanctions Laws (January 12, 2017)
- Guidance on Certain Publishing Activities
- Index of Interpretative Guidance
Applying for a Specific OFAC License
It may be in your and the U.S. government's interest to authorize particular economic activity related to the Syria Sanctions. Visit the link below to apply for an OFAC license.
- Apply for an OFAC License Online - Authorization from OFAC to engage in a transaction that otherwise would be prohibited
Guidance on OFAC Licensing Policy
Certain activities related to the Syria Sanctions may be allowed if they are licensed by OFAC. Below OFAC has issued guidance and statements on specific licensing policies as they relate to the Syria Sanctions.
- Statements of Licensing Policy - On Activities Related to The Telecommunications And Agricultural Sectors Of Syria And Petroleum And Petroleum Products of Syrian Origin For The Benefit of The National Coalition Of Syrian Revolutionary And Opposition Forces or its Supporters
- Licenses for Legal Fees and Costs - Guidance on the Release of Limited Amounts of Blocked Funds for Payment of Legal Fees and Costs Incurred in Challenging the Blocking of U.S. Persons in Administrative or Civil Proceedings
- Entities Owned By Blocked Persons - Guidance On Entities Owned By Persons Whose Property And Interests In Property Are Blocked
General Licenses
OFAC issues general licenses in order to authorize activities that would otherwise be prohibited with regard to the Syria Sanctions. General licenses allow all US persons to engage in the activity described in the general license without needing to apply for a specific license.
- Syria General License 22 - Authorizing Activities in Certain Economic Sectors in Non-Regime Held Areas of Northeast and Northwest Syria (May 12, 2022)
- Archive of Expired General Licenses
LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR Syria Sanctions
The Syria Sanctions program represents the implementation of multiple legal authorities. Some of these authorities are in the form of an executive order issued by the President. Other authorities are public laws (statutes) passed by The Congress. These authorities are further codified by OFAC in its regulations which are published in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). Modifications to these regulations are posted in the Federal Register. In addition to all of these authorities, OFAC may also implement United Nations Security Council Resolutions (UNSCRs) with regard to Syria.
Executive Orders
- 13608 - Prohibiting Certain Transactions With and Suspending Entry Into the United States of Foreign Sanctions Evaders With Respect to Iran and Syria (Effective Date - May 01, 2012)
- 13606 - Blocking the Property and Suspending Entry Into the United States of Certain Persons With Respect to Grave Human Rights Abuses by the Governments of Iran and Syria via Information Technology (Effective Date - April 23, 2012)
- 13582 - Blocking Property of the Government of Syria and Prohibiting Certain Transactions with Respect to Syria (August 18, 2011)
- 13573 - Blocking Property Of Senior Officials Of The Government Of Syria (May 18, 2011)
- 13572 - Blocking Property of Certain Persons with Respect to Human Rights Abuses in Syria (April 29, 2011)
- 13460 - Blocking Property of Additional Persons in Connection With the National Emergency With Respect to Syria (February 15, 2008)
- 13399 - Blocking Property of Additional Persons in Connection With the National Emergency With Respect to Syria (April 26, 2006)
- 13338 - Blocking Property of Certain Persons and Prohibiting the Export of Certain Goods to Syria (Effective Date - May 12, 2004)
Statutes
- Caesar Syria Civilian Protection Act of 2019 (Sections 7404-7438 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020)
- Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012 H.R. 1905 (PL 112-158)
- Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 (AEDPA), 18 U.S.C. § 2332d
- International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), 50 U.S.C. §§ 1701-1706
- National Emergencies Act (NEA), 50 U.S.C.§§ 1601-1651
- Section 5 of the United Nations Participation Act of 1945 (UNPA), 22 U.S.C. § 87c
Code of Federal Regulations
- 31 CFR Parts 542 - Syrian Sanctions Regulations
Federal Register Notices
- 89 FR 48310-24 - Publication of Final Rule Amending the Syrian Sanctions Regulations
- 89 FR 48309-24 - Publication of the List of Areas of Northeast and Northwest Syria in Which Activities are Authorized by 31 CFR § 542.533
- 88 FR 45816-23 - Publication of Covid-Related Web General Licenses Related to Syria Sanctions Regulations, Iranian Transactions and Sanctions Regulations, Global Terrorism Sanctions Regulations, and Venezuela Sanctions Regulations
- 88 FR 25278-23 - Publication of Syrian Sanctions Regulations Web General License 22
- 88 FR 17727-23 - Publication of Syria Web General License 23
- 87 FR 78470-22 - Publication of United States Government and International Organizations Official Business Sanctions Regulations Amendment and General Licenses
- 87 FR 47932-22 - Publication of Covid-Related Web General Licenses Related to Syria Sanctions Regulations, Iran Transactions and Sanctions Regulations, Global Terrorism Sanctions Regulations, and Venezuela Sanctions Regulations
- 86 FR 67324-21 - Publication of Final Rule expanding existing authorization related to certain activities of nongovernmental organizations in Syria
- 80 FR 19532-15 - Publication of Final Rule to authorize by general license certain activities relating to publishing
- 79 FR 25414-14 - Publication of Final Rule in the Federal Register, amending and reissuing in their entirety the Syrian Sanctions Regulations
- 78 FR 38097-13 - Publication of General License Related to the Syria Sanctions Program
- 71 FR 29251-06 - Revisions to IEEPA made by the Combating Terrorism Financing Act of 2005
- 70 FR 17201-05 - New regulations to implement Executive Order 13338